Events on October 1 83
Year 1795
The Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) are annexed by Revolutionary France.
Year 1814
Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoleon the previous spring.
Year 1827
Russo-Persian War: The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination of Armenia.
Year 1829
South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; it will later separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
Year 1832
Texian political delegates convene at San Felipe de Austin to petition for changes in the governance of Mexican Texas.
Year 1854
The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American system of watch manufacturing.
Year 1861
Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management is published, going on to sell 60,000 copies in its first year and remaining in print until the present day
Year 1898
The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.
Year 1903
Baseball: The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.
Year 1910
Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, killing 21.
Year 1918
World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence, also known as "Lawrence of Arabia", capture Damascus.
Year 1920
Sir Percy Cox lands in Basra to assume his responsibilities as High Commissioner in Iraq.
Year 1940
The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
Year 1942
World War II: USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she is carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong
Year 1961
The United States Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is formed, becoming the country's first centralized military espionage organization.
Year 1964
The Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.
Year 1964
Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
Year 1965
General Suharto puts down an apparent coup attempt by the 30 September Movement in Indonesia.
Year 1966
West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatalities and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9.
Year 1968
The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
Year 1971
The first brain-scan using x-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is performed at Atkinson Morley Hospital in Wimbledon, London.
Year 1975
The Seychelles gain internal self-government. The Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands and take the name Tuvalu.
Year 1975
Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
Year 1975
Al Jackson, Jr. (Booker T. & the M.G.'s), is fatally shot five times in the back in his own home.
Year 1982
Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a constructive vote of no confidence.
Year 1985
The Israeli Air Force bombs Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) headquarters in Tunis.
Year 1987
The 5.9 Mw Whittier Narrows earthquake shakes the San Gabriel Valley with a Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing eight and injuring 200.
Year 1989
Denmark introduces the world's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership".
Year 1994
Palau gains independence from the United Nations (trusteeship administered by the United States of America).
Year 2001
Militants attack the state legislature building in Srinagar, Kashmir, killing 38.
Year 2009
The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom takes over the judicial functions of the House of Lords.
Year 2012
A ferry collision off the coast of Hong Kong kills 38 people and injures 102 others.
Year 2014
A series of explosions at a gunpowder plant in the village of Gorni Lom in Northwestern Bulgaria completely destroys the factory, killing 15 people.
Year 2015
Umpqua Community College shooting: A gunman kills nine people at a community college in Roseburg, Oregon.
Year 2015
Heavy rains trigger a major landslide in the village of El Cambray Dos within Santa Catarina Pinula, killing 280 people.
Year 2017
An independence referendum, declared illegal by the Constitutional Court of Spain, takes place in Catalonia, Spain.
Year 2017
Fifty-eight people are killed and 546 others injured in a mass shooting on a country music festival at the Las Vegas Strip; the gunman, Stephen Paddock, later commits suicide.