Events on March 30 31
Events on this day include: Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River a... (598); The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin king Charles I, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers. (1282); Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during armed conflict between Scotland and England. (1296).
See the full March 30 overview.
Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro-Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin king Charles I, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during armed conflict between Scotland and England.
Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Proclamation which would later inspire Italian unification.
Ether anesthesia is used for the first time, in an operation by the American surgeon Dr. Crawford Long.
One of the most important battles of the Dominican War of Independence from Haiti takes place near the city of Santiago de los Caballeros.
Origins of the American Civil War: "Border Ruffians" from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2-cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
The Battle for Kushka triggers the Panjdeh Incident which nearly gives rise to war between the British Empire and Russian Empire.
German Society of Chemistry issues an invitation to other national scientific organizations to appoint delegates to the International Committee on Atomic Weights.
Sultan Abd al-Hafid signs the Treaty of Fez, making Morocco a French protectorate.
Outburst of bloody March Events in Baku and other locations of Baku Governorate.
Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan declares Nanking capital of a new Chinese puppet government, nominally controlled by Wang Jingwei.
World War II: Allied bombers conduct their most severe bombing run on Sofia, Bulgaria.
Out of 795 Lancasters, Halifaxes and Mosquitos sent to attack Nuremberg, 95 bombers do not return, making it the largest RAF Bomber Command loss of the war.
World War II: Soviet forces invade Austria and capture Vienna; Polish and Soviet forces liberate Danzig.
Vietnam War: A car bomb explodes in front of the United States Embassy, Saigon, killing 22 and wounding 183 others.
Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.
Airey Neave, a British Member of Parliament, is killed by a car bomb as he exits the Palace of Westminster. The Irish National Liberation Army claims responsibility.
U.S. President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by John Hinckley, Jr.; three others are wounded in the same incident.
Space Shuttle program: STS-3 Mission is completed with the landing of Columbia at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.