On This Day: September 11

Isaac II Angelos kills Stephen Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt that deposes Andronikos I Komnenos and places Isaac on the throne of the Byzantine Empire.

The first recorded instance of the Catholic practice of perpetual Eucharistic adoration formally begins in Avignon, France.

Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly-led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English.

Lithuanian Civil War (1389-92): The Teutonic Knights begin a five-week siege of Vilnius.

Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by indigenous warriors, led by Michimalonco.

Ottoman forces retreat from Malta ending the Great Siege of Malta.

Henry Hudson discovers Manhattan Island and the indigenous people living there.

Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's English Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison.

Battle of Zenta: a major engagement in the Great Turkish War (1683-1699) and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history.

Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power.