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Events on March 14 37

Year 313

Emperor Jin Huidi is executed by Liu Cong, ruler of the Xiongnu state (Han Zhao).

Year 1381

Chioggia concludes an alliance with Zadar and Trogir against Venice, which becomes changed in 1412 in Šibenik.

Year 1489

The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice.

Year 1590

Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under Charles, Duke of Mayenne during the French Wars of Religion.

Year 1647

Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.

Year 1663

Otto von Guericke completes his book on Vacuum.

Year 1757

Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for breach of the Articles of War.

Year 1780

American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans in Spanish Louisiana.

Year 1782

Battle of Wuchale: Emperor Tekle Giyorgis I pacifies a group of Oromo near Wuchale.

Year 1794

Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.

Year 1885

The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance in London.

Year 1900

The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States currency on the gold standard.

Year 1903

The Hay-Herrán Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate would later reject the treaty.

Year 1903

Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge is established by US President Theodore Roosevelt.

Year 1910

Lakeview Gusher, the largest U.S. oil well gusher near Bakersfield, California, vents to atmosphere.

Year 1926

El Virilla train accident, Costa Rica: A train falls off a bridge over the Río Virilla between Heredia and Tibás. Two hundred forty-eight are killed and 93 wounded.

Year 1931

Alam Ara, India's first talking film, is released.

Year 1936

The first all-sound film version of Show Boat opens at Radio City Music Hall.

Year 1939

Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.

Year 1942

Orvan Hess and John Bumstead became the first in the United States successfully to treat a patient, Anne Miller, using penicillin.

Year 1943

World War II: The Kraków Ghetto is "liquidated".

Year 1945

World War II: The R.A.F.'s first operational use of the Grand Slam bomb, Bielefeld, Germany.

Year 1951

Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops recapture Seoul.

Year 1961

USAF Broken Arrow nuclear weapon mishap in B-52 crash near Yuba City, Ca.

Year 1964

A jury in Dallas finds Jack Ruby guilty of killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the assumed assassin of John F. Kennedy.

Year 1967

The body of U.S. President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.

Year 1972

Italian publisher and former partisan Giangiacomo Feltrinelli is killed by an explosion near Segrate.

Year 1978

The Israel Defense Forces invade and occupies southern Lebanon in Operation Litani.

Year 1979

In China, a Hawker Siddeley Trident crashes into a factory near Beijing, killing 44 and injuring at least 200.

Year 1980

In Poland, LOT Flight 7 crashes during final approach near Warsaw, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.

Year 1988

Johnson South Reef Skirmish: Chinese forces defeat Vietnamese forces in Johnson South Reef, disputed Spratly Islands.

Year 1994

Timeline of Linux development: Linux kernel version 1.0.0 is released.

Year 1995

Space exploration: Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle.

Year 2006

Members of the Chadian military fail in an attempted coup d'état.

Year 2007

The Left Front government of West Bengal sends at least 3,000 police to Nandigram in an attempt to break Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee resistance there; the resulting clash leaves 14 dead.

Year 2008

A series of riots, protests, and demonstrations erupt in Lhasa and elsewhere in Tibet.

Year ?

Casca and Cassius decide, on the night before the Assassination of Julius Caesar, that Mark Antony should live.

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