Events on 31 July 49
See all →Year 781
The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Traditional Japanese date: July 6, 781).
Year 1201
Attempted usurpation by John Komnenos the Fat for the throne of Alexios III Angelos.
Year 1423
Hundred Years' War: Battle of Cravant: The French army is defeated by the English at Cravant on the banks of the river Yonne.
Year 1498
On his third voyage to the Western Hemisphere, Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to discover the island of Trinidad.
Year 1618
Maurice, Prince of Orange disbands the waardgelders militia in Utrecht, a pivotal event in the Remonstrant/Counter-Remonstrant tensions.
Year 1655
Russo-Polish War (1654-67): The Russian army enters the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilnius, which it holds for six years.
Birthdays on 31 July 194
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Emperor Nijō
b. 1143 – d. 1165
Emperor Nijō of Japan (b. 1143)
Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
b. 1396 – d. 1467
Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1467)
Augustus, Elector of Saxony
b. 1526 – d. 1586
Augustus, Elector of Saxony (d. 1586)
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
b. 1527 – d. 1576
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576)
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Philipp Wolfgang, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg
b. 1595 – d. 1641
Philipp Wolfgang, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1641)
Alessandro Algardi
b. 1598 – d. 1654
Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (d. 1654)
Charles, Duke of Berry (1686-1714)
b. 1686 – d. 1714
Charles of France, Duke of Berry (d. 1714)
Jean Denis Attiret
b. 1702 – d. 1768
Jean Denis Attiret, French missionary and painter (d. 1768)
Gabriel Cramer
b. 1704 – d. 1752
Gabriel Cramer, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1752)
John Canton
b. 1718 – d. 1772
John Canton, English physicist and academic (d. 1772)
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Noël François de Wailly
b. 1724 – d. 1801
Noël François de Wailly, French lexicographer and author (d. 1801)
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Ignaz Anton von Indermauer
b. 1759 – d. 1796
Ignaz Anton von Indermauer, Austrian nobleman and government official (b. 1759)
Deaths on 31 July 77
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Peter Chrysologus
d. 450 (b. 380)
Peter Chrysologus, Italian bishop and saint (b. 380)
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Feng Xingxi
d. 910
Feng Xingxi, Chinese warlord
Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury
d. 1098
Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury
Étienne Marcel
d. 1358 (b. 1302)
Étienne Marcel, French rebel leader (b. 1302)
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William Courtenay
d. 1396 (b. 1342)
William Courtenay, English archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (b. 1342)
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Na'od
d. 1508
Na'od, Ethiopian emperor
Ignatius of Loyola
d. 1556 (b. 1491)
Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish priest and theologian, founded the Society of Jesus (b. 1491)
Roger Wilbraham
d. 1616 (b. 1553)
Roger Wilbraham, Solicitor-General for Ireland (b. 1553)
Sibylla Schwarz
d. 1638 (b. 1621)
Sibylla Schwarz, German poet of the Baroque era (b.1621)
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Thomas Dudley
d. 1653 (b. 1576)
Thomas Dudley, English soldier and politician, 3rd Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1576)
Willem Kalf
d. 1693 (b. 1619)
Willem Kalf, Dutch still life painter (b.1619)
Nicolaus II Bernoulli
d. 1726 (b. 1695)
Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and theorist (b. 1695)