Events on July 25 67
Year 315
The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.
Year 864
The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Vikings.
Year 1137
Eleanor of Aquitaine married Prince Louis, later King Louis VII of France, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux.
Year 1139
Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques who is proclaimed King of Portugal.
Year 1261
The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
Year 1278
The naval Battle of Algeciras takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista resulting in a victory for the Emirate of Granada and the Maranid Dynasty over the Kingdom of Castile.
Year 1467
The Battle of Molinella: The first battle in Italy in which firearms are used extensively.
Year 1536
Sebastián de Belalcázar on his search of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago de Cali.
Year 1538
The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
Year 1567
Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
Year 1603
James VI of Scotland is crowned king of England (James I of England), bringing the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland into personal union. Political union would occur in 1707.
Year 1609
The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.
Year 1693
Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
Year 1755
British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians.
Year 1759
French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
Year 1783
American Revolutionary War: The war's last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by a preliminary peace agreement.
Year 1792
The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French royal family is harmed.
Year 1797
Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
Year 1799
At Abu Qir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.
Year 1837
The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
Year 1853
Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as the "Robin Hood of El Dorado", is killed.
Year 1861
American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
Year 1866
The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
Year 1869
The Japanese daimyōs begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
Year 1894
The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
Year 1908
Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.
Year 1909
Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from (Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom) in 37 minutes.
Year 1915
RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British pursuit aviator to earn the Victoria Cross.
Year 1917
Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
Year 1934
The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
Year 1940
General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
Year 1942
The Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the German occupation.
Year 1943
World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the Grand Council of Fascism and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
Year 1944
World War II: Operation Spring is one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war.
Year 1946
Operation Crossroads: An atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll.
Year 1956
Forty-five miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
Year 1961
In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
Year 1965
Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
Year 1969
Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war.
Year 1978
Birth of Louise Joy Brown, the first human to have been born after conception by in vitro fertilisation, or IVF.
Year 1979
Another section of the Sinai Peninsula is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.
Year 1983
Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.
Year 1984
Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
Year 1993
Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.
Year 1994
Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
Year 1995
A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.
Year 2000
Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, killing 113 passengers.
Year 2010
WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.