Events on July 12 42
Year 927
King Constantine II of Scotland, King Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred of Bamburgh and King Owain of the Cumbrians accepted the overlordship of King Æthelstan of England, leading to seven years of peace in the north.
Year 1191
Third Crusade: Saladin's garrison surrenders to Philip Augustus, ending the two-year siege of Acre.
Year 1493
Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, is published.
Year 1527
Lê Cung Hoàng ceded the throne to Mạc Đăng Dung, ending the Lê dynasty and starting the Mạc dynasty.
Year 1543
King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace.
Year 1562
Fray Diego de Landa, acting Bishop of Yucatán, burns the sacred books of the Maya.
Year 1580
The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.
Year 1690
Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar): The armies of William III defeat those of the former James II.
Year 1691
Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar): The decisive victory of William III of England's forces in Ireland.
Year 1789
In response to the dismissal of the French finance minister Jacques Necker, the radical journalist Camille Desmoulins gives a speech which results in the storming of the Bastille two days later.
Year 1790
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly.
Year 1801
British ships inflict heavy damage on Spanish and French ships in the Second Battle of Algeciras.
Year 1804
Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton dies a day after being shot in a duel.
Year 1806
Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.
Year 1812
The American Army of the Northwest briefly occupies the Upper Canadian settlement at what is now at Windsor, Ontario.
Year 1913
Serbian forces begin their siege of the Bulgarian city of Vidin; the siege is later called off when the war ends.
Year 1917
The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.
Year 1918
The Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.
Year 1920
The Soviet-Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed, by which Soviet Russia recognizes the independence of Lithuania.
Year 1943
German and Soviet forces engage in one of the largest armored engagements of all time.
Year 1948
Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders the expulsion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and Ramla.
Year 1961
Pune floods due to failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams, killing at least two thousand people.
Year 1963
Pauline Reade (16 years old) disappears in Gorton, England, the first victim in the Moors murders.
Year 1973
A fire destroys the entire sixth floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.
Year 2007
U.S. Army Apache helicopters perform airstrikes in Baghdad, Iraq; footage from the cockpit is later leaked to the Internet.
Year 2012
The Turaymisah massacre kills 250 people during a Syrian military operation in a village within the Hama Governorate.
Year 2013
Six people are killed and 200 injured in a French passenger train derailment in Brétigny-sur-Orge.
Year ?
The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after six months of battle. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.