Events on July 1 83
Year 552
Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy. During the fighting king Totila is mortally wounded.
Year 1097
Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders led by prince Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army led by sultan Kilij Arslan I.
Year 1431
The Battle of La Higueruela takes place in Granada, leading to a modest advance of the Kingdom of Castile during the Reconquista.
Year 1523
Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake by Roman Catholic authorities in Brussels.
Year 1569
Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union; the united country is called the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations.
Year 1643
First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London.
Year 1690
Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne in Ireland (as reckoned under the Julian calendar).
Year 1766
François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, is tortured and beheaded before his body is burnt on a pyre along with a copy of Voltaire's Dictionnaire philosophique nailed to his torso for the crime of not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France.
Year 1770
Lexell's Comet passes closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.0146 a.u.
Year 1782
Raid on Lunenburg: American privateers attack the British settlement of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.
Year 1819
Johann Georg Tralles discovers the Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using polarimetry, by François Arago.
Year 1837
A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales.
Year 1855
Signing of the Quinault Treaty: The Quinault and the Quileute cede their land to the United States.
Year 1858
Joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society of London.
Year 1862
The Russian State Library is founded as the Library of the Moscow Public Museum.
Year 1862
Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Louis of Hesse, the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse.
Year 1862
American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place. It is the last of the Seven Days Battles, part of George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign.
Year 1863
Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands.
Year 1867
The British North America Act of 1867 takes effect as the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia join into confederation to create the modern nation of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Canada. This date is commemorated annually in Canada as Canada Day, a national holiday.
Year 1874
The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.
Year 1879
Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower.
Year 1881
The world's first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States.[1]
Year 1881
General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
Year 1887
Clay Allison, eccentric gunfighter and rancher, dies in a freak wagon accident in Texas.
Year 1898
Spanish-American War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba.
Year 1911
Germany despatches the gunship SMS Panther to Morocco, sparking the Agadir Crisis.
Year 1915
Leutnant Kurt Wintgens of the then-named German Deutsches Heer's Fliegertruppe army air service achieves the first known aerial victory with a synchronized machine-gun armed fighter plane, the Fokker M.5K/MG Eindecker.
Year 1916
World War I: First day on the Somme: On the first day of the Battle of the Somme 19,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded.
Year 1931
Wiley Post and Harold Gatty become the first people to circumnavigate the globe in a fixed-wing aircraft.
Year 1932
Australia's national broadcaster, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, was formed.
Year 1935
Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek.
Year 1942
The Australian Federal Government becomes the sole collector of income tax in Australia as State Income Tax is abolished.
Year 1943
Tokyo City merges with Tokyo Prefecture and is dissolved. Since this date, no city in Japan has the name "Tokyo" (present-day Tokyo is not officially a city).
Year 1948
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan's central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan.
Year 1949
The merger of two princely states of India, Cochin and Travancore, into the state of Thiru-Kochi (later re-organized as Kerala) in the Indian Union ends more than 1,000 years of princely rule by the Cochin royal family.
Year 1958
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links television broadcasting across Canada via microwave.
Year 1959
Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce) are adopted after agreement between the U.S.A., the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries.
Year 1960
Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II ceases to be its head of state.
Year 1963
The British Government admits that former diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a Soviet agent.
Year 1967
Merger Treaty: The European Community is formally created out of a merger with the Common Market, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Commission.
Year 1968
The United States Central Intelligence Agency's Phoenix Program is officially established.
Year 1968
The Nuclear non-proliferation treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., London and Moscow by sixty-two countries.
Year 1968
Formal separation of the United Auto Workers from the AFL-CIO in the United States.
Year 1983
A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to Conakry Airport in Guinea crashes into the Fouta Djallon mountains in Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board.
Year 1987
The American radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world's first all-sports radio station.
Year 1990
German reunification: East Germany accepts the Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany.
Year 1997
China resumes sovereignty over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule. The handover ceremony is attended by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Prince Charles of Wales, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.
Year 1999
The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Elizabeth II on the day that legislative powers are officially transferred from the old Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish Executive in Edinburgh.
Year 2002
The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
Year 2002
Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a Tupolev Tu-154, and DHL Flight 611, a Boeing 757, collide in mid-air over Überlingen, southern Germany, killing all 71 on board both planes.
Year 2003
Over 500,000 people protest against efforts to pass anti-sedition legislation in Hong Kong.
Year 2004
Saturn orbit insertion of Cassini-Huygens begins at 01:12 UTC and ends at 02:48 UTC.
Year 2008
Rioting erupts in Mongolia in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections.
Year ?
Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.